Temperature Effects on Material Behavior of Aerospace Aluminum Alloys for Subsonic and Supersonic Aircraft

This review-cum-research paper reports the effects of temperature and time exposure on the material behavior of the aerospace aluminum alloys currently in use in subsonic and supersonic aircraft. The research reported in this paper involves experimental study of the microstructural characterization and temperature effects on the hardness behavior of the age-hardenable 2024-T3 aluminum alloy; the latter was acquired by one of the authors from Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) aerospace industry. The ALCLAD 2024-T3 alloy is being used in C-130 Hercules aircraft by the RMAF. Recent research on various aluminum alloys being used and being considered for application in Concorde is also reviewed.     

Evaluation of cyclic plasticity models of multi-surface and non-linear hardening by an energy-based fatigue criterion

This study examines the performance of four constitutive models according to capacity in predicting metal fatigue life under proportional and non-proportional loading conditions. These cyclic plasticity models are the multi-surface models of Mroz and Garud, and the non-linear kinematic hardening models of Armstrong-Frederick and Chaboche. The range of abilities of these models is studied in detail. Furthermore, the plastic strain energy under multiaxial fatigue condition is calculated in the cyclic plasticity models by the stress-strain hysteresis loops. Using the results of these models, the fatigue lives that have set in the energy-based fatigue model are predicted and evaluated with the reported experimental data of 1% Cr-Mo-V steel in the literature. Consequently, the optimum model in the loading condition for this metal is chosen based on life factor.     

Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) in Egypt VII--Urinary enzymes as an index of renal involvement

Enzymuria observed in PCM, especially in severe cases, does not seem to be a simple reflection of the increased serum values and suggests renal involvements. A number of factors among which are :- lowered clearance threshold for certain enzymes as well as rapid wear and tear or renal cells seem to participate in the causation of such enzymuria. Urine enzyme analysis may reflect the extent and state of renal pathology among different forms of PCM.     

The role of simulation in design of FMSs

The present work discusses the fundamental structure of simulation models (components, relations, terms, etc…); their basic elements, the programming language, and model structure and requirements. The study aims to define the role of simulation in design of a dynamic system such as FMS.

A simulation study is carried out to demonstrate the application of simulation models. The system to be examined is a planned PMColl. The major task was to evaluate design issues such as the effect of priority rules for job sequencing, the determination of the number of pallets limit, and better conveyor speed.     

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Seeds of Various Halophytic Grasses

Increasing population has resulted in overexploitation of conventional seeds. The limited supply of water and salinization of agricultural lands are threats to crop production. This creates food insecurity and results in ever‐increasing prices of crops and edible oils. Halophytes that produce high‐quality seeds can serve as sources of oil and edible products. We analyzed the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of seeds from 5 halophytic grasses, i.e., Aeluropus lagopoides, Eragrostis ciliaris, Eragrostis pilosa, Panicum antidotale, and Sporobolus ioclados. These seeds contained crude protein (10–29%), carbohydrates (32–55%), crude fiber (4–21%), minerals (3.8–9.2%), and oil (4–11%), indicating their nutritional potential. Oils of these seeds had suitable fatty‐acid composition with 62–82% unsaturation and only 17–24% saturation. Out of this, 91–94% of the total oil constituted by linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids. High contents of total phenols (2.8–4.2 mg gallic acid equivalent [GAE] g^?1), flavonoids (0.5–1.3 mg Quercetin equivalent [QE] g^?1), and tannins (0.3–1.3 mg catechin equivalent [CE] g^?1) supported their high antioxidant activity (1,1‐Diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl (DPPH) activity in terms of half maximal inhibitory concentration‐IC₅₀ 1.1–5.86 mg mL^?1; 2,2′‐azino‐bis3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid (ABTS) 18.8–72.8 mmol Trolox g^?1; ferric‐reducing antioxidant power 2.0–4.4 mmol Fe⁺² g^?1). The reverse phase‐high‐pressure liquid chromatography analysis identified the presence of bioactive phenolic antioxidants (mainly gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid, kaempferol, and quercetin). Due to these characteristic composition and salt tolerability, these plants can serve as potential sources of industrial raw materials for food, edible oil, phytochemicals, and oliochemicals.     

A comparative study of fourteen deep learning networks for multi skin lesion classification (MSLC) on unbalanced data

Neural Computing and Applications - Among various types of skin diseases, skin cancer is the deadliest form of the disease. This paper classifies seven types of skin diseases: Actinic keratosis and...